for their seminal work on development

for establishing the details of the control of eukaryotic cell cycle

for determining the components of the secretory pathway

for their outstanding work on eukaryotic transcription regulation

for their fundamental contributions to our understanding of molecular motors

for establishing the molecular basis of the senses of smell and hearing

for their pioneering studies of cell lineage in the nematode worm

for their outstanding work on the maintenance of telomeres

for his research into the molecular foundations of electrical signal generation in neurons and other types of cells

for their discovery that peptide bond formation on the ribosome is catalyzed exclusively by ribosomal RNA

for her work in establishing a sub-field of molecular biology concerning small nuclear ribonucleoproteins

for his pioneering achievements in yeast genetics and cell biology

for their pioneering achievements in the ethology and neurology of birdsong

for their pioneering achievements in the discovery of gene silencing by double-stranded RNA

for their pioneering development of powerful new tools that allow the direct visualization of molecules in living cells

for their pioneering work on epigenetic gene regulation in mammalian embryos

for their pioneering work in the field of protein-mediated protein folding

for their pioneering work in the field of stem cell research

for their discovery that histones and histone acetylation directly regulate transcription

for his transformative studies of the control of protein synthesis in mammalian cells

for elucidating how eukaryotic cells sense and respond to DNA damage

in recognition of their invention of multiphoton fluorescence microscopy and its application to illuminating the function of brain microcircuits

in recognition of his pioneering work in elucidating the mechanisms of genome rearrangements in immune and cancer cells

in recognition of his pioneering discoveries of molecular pathways and biological functions of protein degradation by autophagy

in recognition of her pioneering work on the mechanisms of protein folding and the severe consequences of protein misfolding that are manifest in disease

for her elucidation of the protection of telomeres and the maintenance of genome stability

for his fundamental and far-reaching studies of protein structure using X-ray crystallography

for their remarkable contributions to our understanding of the sensations of temperature, pain and touch

for their pioneering work in the modification of nucleic acids to develop RNA therapeutics and vaccines

for his key role in revealing the dynamics of gene expression using high-resolution imaging