| Год вручения
|
Лауреат
|
Формулировка обоснования
|
| 1839
|
Robert Hare[англ.]
|
Inventor of the oxy-hydrogen blowpipe
|
| 1862
|
Эрикссон, Джон
|
His work improved the field of heat management, but the award was specifically for his invention of the caloric engine of 1858.
|
| 1865
|
Daniel Treadwell[англ.]
|
Heat management. He was awarded especially for his contributions towards a "cannon of large caliber, and great strength and endurance".
|
| 1866
|
Кларк, Элвин
|
Improved refracting telescopes
|
| 1869
|
George Henry Corliss[англ.]
|
For improving the steam engine
|
| 1871
|
Joseph Harrison, Jr.
|
Towards his concern for safer steam boilers
|
| 1873
|
Резерфорд, Льюис Моррис
|
For improving the "processes and methods" of astronomical photography
|
| 1875
|
Дрейпер, Джон Уильям
|
For his work towards apprehending radiant energy
|
| 1880
|
Гиббс, Джозайя Уиллард
|
Founded the field of chemical thermodynamics
|
| 1883
|
Роуланд, Генри
|
For his research in light and heat
|
| 1886
|
Лэнгли, Сэмюэл Пирпонт
|
For his work towards the understanding of radiant energy
|
| 1888
|
Майкельсон, Альберт Абрахам
|
Measured the velocity of light, and contribution towards the motion of the luminiferous ether, and absolute determination of the wavelengths of light
|
| 1891
|
Пикеринг, Эдуард Чарлз
|
For his work on stellar photometry and stellar spectra
|
| 1895
|
Эдисон, Томас Алва
|
For his investigations in electric lighting[англ.]
|
| 1898
|
Килер, Джеймс Эдуард
|
For the applications of the spectroscope, and especially his investigations of nebulae and the physical contents of Saturn's rings
|
| 1899
|
Чарльз Браш[англ.]
|
For the development of the electric arc lamp
|
| 1900
|
Carl Barus[англ.]
|
For his heat research
|
| 1901
|
Томсон, Элиу
|
For his work in welding and lighting
|
| 1902
|
Хейл, Джордж Эллери
|
For his investigations in solar[англ.] and stellar physics and for the invention of the spectro-heliograph[англ.]
|
| 1904
|
Ernest Fox Nichols[англ.]
|
For his research on radiation, radiation pressure, stellar heat, and the infrared spectrum
|
| 1907
|
Эдвард Ачесон
|
For the application of the electric furnace to the production of carborundum and graphite
|
| 1909
|
Вуд, Роберт Вильямс
|
For light-related discoveries, including the optical properties of sodium and other metallic vapors
|
| 1910
|
Charles Gordon Curtis[англ.]
|
For his improvements to the steam turbine
|
| 1911
|
Крафтс, Джеймс Мейсон
|
For his work in thermometry, and the development of new fixed points on the scale
|
| 1912
|
Фредерик Айвс[англ.]
|
For his inventions in color photography and photoengraving
|
| 1913
|
Стеббинс, Джоуэл
|
For the development of the selenium photometer and its application to scientific problems
|
| 1914
|
Уильям Дэвид Кулидж
|
For his invention of ductile tungsten
|
| 1915
|
Аббот, Чарлз Грили
|
For his research in solar radiation
|
| 1917
|
Бриджмен, Перси Уильямс
|
For his high-pressure thermodynamic breakthroughs
|
| 1918
|
Теодор Лайман
|
Awarded for his research on short-wave and long-wave wavelengths
|
| 1920
|
Ленгмюр, Ирвинг
|
For his research in thermionic and allied phenomena
|
| 1925
|
Расселл, Генри Норрис
|
Awarded for his research in solar radiation
|
| 1926
|
Комптон, Артур Холли
|
Awarded for his research in Roentgen rays
|
| 1928
|
Edward Leamington Nichols[англ.]
|
For his research in spectrophotometry
|
| 1930
|
Пласкетт, Джон Стэнли
|
For his astronomical spectrographic research
|
| 1931
|
Комптон, Карл Тэйлор
|
He was awarded the medal for thermionics and spectroscopic research.
|
| 1933
|
Шепли, Харлоу
|
For his work with the luminosity of stars and galaxies
|
| 1937
|
Кобленц, Уильям
|
For his improvements in the measurement of heat and light
|
| 1939
|
George R. Harrison[англ.]
|
"For pioneering improvements in spectroscopics"
|
| 1941
|
Зворыкин, Владимир Козьмич
|
Awarded for the creation of the iconoscope and other related devices
|
| 1943
|
Чарльз Эдвард Кеннет Мис[англ.]
|
For his contributions to photography
|
| 1945
|
Лэнд, Эдвин Герберт
|
For his inventions related to the application of polarized light
|
| 1947
|
E. Newton Harvey[англ.]
|
For his research in bioluminescence
|
| 1949
|
Боуэн, Айра Спрейг
|
For his work on the identification of nebulium and for other outstanding works
|
| 1951
|
Герберт Айвс[англ.]
|
For his research in the field of optics
|
| 1953
|
Ферми, Энрико
|
For his investigations in electromagnetic radiation and nuclear energy
|
| 1953
|
Лэмб, Уиллис Юджин
|
Awarded for studying the hydrogen spectrum
|
| 1953
|
Онсагер, Ларс
|
For his investigations in thermodynamics related to transportation
|
| 1955
|
Франк, Джеймс
|
For his studies in the investigation of photosynthesis
|
| 1957
|
Субраманьян Чандрасекар
|
For his investigations of the radiative energy balance in stars
|
| 1959
|
Уолд, Джордж
|
For identifying the biochemical basis of vision
|
| 1961
|
Таунс, Чарлз Хард
|
For his development of the laser
|
| 1963
|
Бете, Ханс Альбрехт
|
For pioneering studies in stellar nucleosynthesis
|
| 1965
|
Samuel Collins[англ.]*
|
For the invention of the Collins Helium Cryostat and other pioneering work
|
| 1965
|
William D. McElroy[англ.]
|
For his work on the molecular origin of bioluminescence
|
| 1967
|
Дикке, Роберт
|
For his contributions to microwave radiometry and to the understanding of atomic structure
|
| 1967
|
Ниль, Корнелис ван
|
For his contributions to the study of photosynthesis
|
| 1968
|
Шмидт, Мартен
|
For his work deducing the spectra of quasi-stellar objects
|
| 1971
|
M.I.T. Group[1]
John A. Ball, Alan H. Barrett, Bernard F. Burke, Joseph C. Carter, Patricia P. Crowther
Canadian Group |
For their work in the field of long-baseline interferometry
|
| 1973
|
Уилсон, Эдгар Брайт[англ.]
|
For pioneering the importance of symmetry in polyatomic molecules and for his active work in the field of microwave spectroscopy
|
| 1976
|
Росси, Бруно
|
For discovering the origins of cosmic radiation
|
| 1980
|
Gregorio Weber[англ.]
|
For researching the theory of, and working on the application of, fluorescence
|
| 1980
|
Янг Чжэньнин
Миллс, Роберт
|
For development of a generalized gauge invariant field theory
|
| 1985
|
Демельт, Ханс
Мартин Дойч[англ.]
Vernon W. Hughes[англ.]
Рамзей, Норман Фостер
|
Awarded for his work in the field of atomic spectroscopy
|
| 1986
|
Роберт Лейтон[англ.]
Френк Лоу[англ.]
Джеральд Нойгебауер[англ.]
|
For his work in developing infrared astronomy
|
| 1992
|
James R. Norris
Joseph J. Katz[англ.]
Джордж Фехер[англ.]
|
Awarded for working towards the understanding of photosynthesis
|
| 1996
|
Мазер, Джон Кромвелл
|
For his research related to the cosmic microwave background
|
| 2008
|
Дрелл, Сидни
Нанн, Сэмьюэл
Перри, Уильям Джеймс
Шульц, Джордж
|
For their efforts to reduce the global threat of nuclear weapons
|
| 2015
|
Капассо, Федерико
Чо, Альфред
|
For their contributions to the field of laser technology
|