For outstanding contributions to condensed matter physics, especially involving the use of topology to understand new states of matter.

For the co-invention of van der Waals heterostructures, and for the new quantum Hall phases that he discovered with them.

For profound new insights on quantum chaos and its relation to gravity.

For fundamental contributions to the discovery of pulsars, and a lifetime of inspiring leadership in the scientific community.

For new ideas about topology and symmetry in physics, leading to the prediction of a new class of materials that conduct electricity only on their surface.

For research on present and future ground-based detectors of gravitational waves.

For fundamental insights about quantum information, quantum field theory, and gravity.

For pioneering predictions of the electromagnetic signal from a neutron star merger, and for leadership in the emerging field of multi-messenger astronomy.

For the first image of a supermassive black hole, taken by means of an Earth-sized alliance of telescopes.

For incisive contributions to the understanding of topological states of matter and the relationships between them.

For the development of novel techniques to extract fundamental physics from astronomical data.

For profound contributions to the understanding of quantum field theory.

For precision fundamental measurements that test our understanding of gravity, probe the nature of dark energy, and establish limits on couplings to dark matter.

For his continuous leadership in fundamental physics, with broad impact across particle physics, gravity and cosmology, and for communicating science to a wider audience.

For major contributions to particle astrophysics, from models of dark matter to the discovery of the "Fermi Bubbles".

For advances in the detection of sub-GeV dark matter especially in regards to the SENSEI experiment.

For calculating the quantum information content of a black hole and its radiation.

For outstanding contributions to the invention and development of the optical lattice clock, which enables precision tests of the fundamental laws of nature.

For high precision electronic and magnetic measurements that have profoundly changed our understanding of high temperature superconductors and unconventional insulators.

For leadership in laying foundations for electromagnetic observations of sources of gravitational waves, and leadership in extracting rich information from the first observed collision of two neutron stars.

For pioneering theoretical work formulating novel phases of non-equilibrium quantum matter, including time crystals.

For foundational work in the field of quantum information.

For the development of optical tweezer arrays to realize control of individual atoms for applications in quantum information science, metrology, and molecular physics.

For the development of analytical and numerical techniques to study conformal field theories, including the ones describing the liquid vapor critical point and the superfluid phase transition.

For profound contributions to statistical physics and quantum field theory, with diverse and far-reaching applications in different branches of physics and mathematics.

For elucidating the sub-structure and universal characteristics of black hole photon rings, and their proposed detection by next-generation interferometric experiments.

For contributions to our understanding of the large-scale structure of the universe and the development of new tools to extract fundamental physics from galaxy surveys.

For the prediction, discovery, and modeling of dust traps in young circumstellar disks, solving a long-standing problem in planet formation.

For detailed measurements of Higgs boson properties confirming the symmetry-breaking mechanism of mass generation, the discovery of new strongly interacting particles, the study of rare processes and matter-antimatter asymmetry, and the exploration of nature at the shortest distances and most extreme conditions at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider.

For the realization of quantum gas microscopes for atoms and molecules, providing a microscopic view on correlations and transport in strongly interacting quantum systems.

For the discovery of Haah's code, in which fractal conservation laws emerge, and other models bringing discrete mathematical structures to physics.

For demonstrating new extreme adaptive optics techniques that will allow the direct detection of the smallest exoplanets.

For fundamental insights into gauge theory and the standard model.